石墨烯/高分子复合薄膜的制备及应用

Preparation and Applications of Graphene /Polymer Composite Thin Films

石墨烯是一种单原子厚度的二维碳纳米材料,具有优异的光、电、热和力学性能,以及巨大的比表面积.石墨烯与高分子之间能够通过共价或非共价作用(氢键、π-π作用、静电作用等)进行复合.这些相互作用既增加了石墨烯在高分子中的溶解性或分散性,也可以提高复合材料的性能或拓展其功能.目前常用的制备石墨烯高分子复合材料的方法有溶液混合、熔融共混和原位聚合等.该类复合材料可以通过蒸发溶剂、溶液涂覆、真空抽滤、层层自组装等途径加工成相应的复合膜.石墨烯高分子复合薄膜在制备高强度结构材料、超级电容器、光伏器件、锂离子电池负极材料以及传感器等方面具有重要的应用价值.本文综述了近年来石墨烯高分子复合薄膜的制备和应用方面的研究进展,并对该领域进行了展望.

Graphene has a unique oneatom thick two-dimensional structure,large specific surface area,and excellent electronic,optical,thermal and mechanical properties. Graphene can be blended into polymers to form composites through either covalent or noncovalent（ e. g. hydrogen bonding,π-π stacking and electrostatic）interactions. These interactions can increase the dispersibility of graphene in polymer matrices and also can improve the properties of graphene /polymer composites or extend their functions. Several methods including solution mixing,melt blending and in situ polymerization have been developed to prepare graphene /polymer composites. These composites can be processed into thin films by solvent evaporation,casting,vacuum filtration or layer-by-layer assembly. Graphene /polymer composite films have potential applications in highstrength structural materials,supercapacitors,photovoltaic devices,lithium ion batteries and sensors. In this review,we summarize the recent advancements on the preparation and applications of graphene /polymer composite thin films. The issues and challenges that remain in this field were also be discussed.