职高生吸烟行为影响因素分析

Research of influencing factors of smoking behavior based on social cognitive theory among professional high school students

目的从社会认知的角度出发探索职高生吸烟行为的影响因素,为职高生控烟提供有针对性的干预措施。方法整群抽取成都市2所职业高中42个班级共1 736名学生进行匿名问卷调查,采用非条件Logistic回归对职高生吸烟行为影响因素进行分析。结果成都市职高生总体吸烟率为34.96%,其中男生吸烟率为40.56%,女生吸烟率为8.75%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,支持"男人吸烟成熟魅力"、"年轻人可以尝试吸烟"、"公共场所吸烟是平常行为"的观点,家长允许吸烟,部分同伴吸烟和很多同伴吸烟均会增加职高生吸烟的风险;错误回答"香烟成瘾成分"、"主流烟与侧流烟危害"、"哪部分香烟危害最大"问题的职高生更倾向于不吸烟。结论应从树立关于吸烟的负性结果期望和强化正确的自我效能,开展同伴教育式的控烟,促进控烟标志和控烟警语的定期更改来着手改变职高生吸烟的行为。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of smoking behavior based on social cognitive theory among professional high school students,and to provide reference for preventing students from smoking.Methods With cluster sampling method,1 736 students were selected from 42 classes and investigated with an anonymous questionnaire.Logistic regression was used to analyze the smoking behavior influencing factors.Results The smoking rate among vocational high school students was 34.96%（40.56% for boys and 8.75% for girls）.Multivariate analysis showed that the following facors supporting the ideas such as ＂ smoking men are charming＂,＂ youth could try smoking＂,＂ smoking in public places is the usual behavior＂ parents＇ permission and part or most of their friends smoke will increase professional high school stdents＇ risk of smoking.The students who gave wrong answers to questions ＂ cigarette addiction ingredient＂,＂ mainstream and sidestream smoke＂,and ＂ the most dangerous parts of cigarettes＂ tended not to smoke.Conclusion The tobacco control intervention should begin with establishing a negative expectation on smoking and reinforcing a correct self-efficacy.And meanwhile,we should also use peer education and change tobacco warning logos and signs at regular intervals in order to work on the change of the professional high school students＇ smoking behavior.