中山市在校青少年超重与肥胖及减肥行为现况

Survey of overweight and obesity and its control behaviors for adolescents at school in Zhongshan

目的了解中山市在校青少年学生的超重肥胖现况以及采取的减肥方法,为合理开展健康教育提供基础数据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,在中山市辖区内按学校类别分层,共对2 556名在校学生进行问卷及身高、体重测量。结果 11.40%的男生和7.87%的女生超重(P<0.01),4.64%的男生和3.43%女生肥胖(P>0.05)。只有45.36%的男生和44.39%的女生认为体重合适。32.47%的男生和54.52%的女生曾采取过减肥或控制体重行为,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3.05%的学生曾采取不吃肉类食物、长时间(>24 h)不吃任何东西、喝减肥茶或吃减肥药来减肥或控制体重。结论部分青少年学生科学地对自身体重进行判断,尤其是女生减肥行为普遍存在。应加强青少年对超重和肥胖的认识,合理开展健康和营养知识教育。

Objective To understand the current situation of overweight and obesity and its control measures at school in Zhongshan,and to provide the basis for establishing control measures.Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 556 students from schools,including junior schools,high schools,professional schools and universities in Zhongshan City,and their height and weight were also measured.Results About 11.40% of boys and 7.87% of girls overweight,4.64% boys and 3.43% girls obesity.Boys＇ overweight rate was higher than girls＇ and the difference was of statistical significance（P〈0.05）.About 45.36% of boys and 44.87% of girls thought that their weight was appropriate,while more than 50% of boys or girls thought that their weight was not up to the standard.32.47% boys and 54.52% girls had weight control behaviors,and boys＇ were higher than girls＇ obviously and the difference was of statistical significance（P〈0.05）.About 3.05% of the students took incorrect behaviors such as eating no meat,eating nothing for long time（〉24 h）,drinking wight-losing tea or taking pills without doctor＇s advice.Conclusion Some students cannot judge their own weight by a scientific method,and a large part of them especially girls take measures to control weight.Health education should be strengthened and comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to improve the overall health of the adolescents at school.