高校学生自我和谐孤独感与自杀意念的关系

Relationships among self consistency loneliness and suicide ideation among college students

目的了解高校学生自杀意念的现状,并探讨自我和谐、孤独感与自杀意念的关系,为高校开展自杀预防和干预工作提供参考。方法采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,使用自我和谐量表（SCCS）、孤独量表（UCLA）和自杀意念量表（SSI）对某高校1 101名大一～研三学生进行问卷调查。结果高校学生自杀意念检出率为41.1%,不同性别、年级、专业和家庭所在地的学生自杀意念检出率差异无统计学意义（χ2值分别为0.94～2.05,P值均＞0.05）。自我和谐总分、自我与经验的不和谐、自我的刻板性与孤独感、自杀意念正相关（r值分别为0.21～0.67,P值均〈0.01）;自我的灵活性与孤独感、自杀意念负相关（r值分别为-0.33,-0.23,P值均〈0.01）。自我和谐的3个维度对自杀意念和孤独感均有显著的预测作用（P值均〈0.05）;孤独感在自我和谐与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用,中介效应占总效应的比值为30%。结论改善自我和谐和孤独感水平可以减少高校学生自杀意念的形成。

Objective To fully understand the situation of suicide ideation among college students,and to explore possible relations among self consistency,loneliness and suicide ideation for suicide prevention and intervention.Methods With stratified random sampling,about 1 101 college students were investigated with Self-consistency and Congruence Scale（SCCS）,UCLA Loneliness Scale,Scale for Suicide Ideation（SSI）.Results The report rate of college students＇ suicide ideation was 41.1%,and there were no significant differences in gender,grade,specialty and home location.The scores of self consistency,self inconsistency,self-stereotype had significant positive correlations with loneliness and suicide ideation;Self-flexibility had significant negative correlations with loneliness and suicide ideation;Three dimensions of self consistency obviously affected loneliness and suicide ideation;Loneliness played mediating role in association between self consistency and suicide ideation,accounting 30% in total effect.Conclusion Improvement in self consistency and loneliness might be helpful to suicide prevention among college students.