采用^(137)Csγ射线辐照杀灭悬浮红细胞和冰冻血浆中细菌的研究

Study of inactivation of bacterial contamination in red cell suspension and frozen plasma by ^(137)Cs γ irradiation

目的研究137Csγ射线辐照对血液制品中常见污染菌的杀灭效果及对血液制品质量的影响。方法将分别含有102~103cfu/mL铜绿假单胞菌、表皮葡萄球菌和小肠耶尔森氏菌的50 mL红细胞悬液和含有铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的50 mL冰冻血浆,经20、25、30、35、40 Gy的137Csγ射线辐照,检测辐照前后红细胞和血浆制品中的活菌数量和理化指标。结果红细胞悬液经20、25、30、35、40 Gy的137Csγ射线辐照后,铜绿假单胞菌菌落计数均值分别为300、260、210、150、130 cfu/mL;表皮葡萄球菌计数均值分别为1 163、1 143、1 112、1 004、942 cfu/mL;小肠耶尔森氏菌计数均值分别为280、177、151、126、108 cfu/mL。辐照后红细胞悬液中活菌数量相比辐照前均显著降低(P<0.05)。辐照后血浆中铜绿假单胞菌菌落计数均值分别为836、710、680、640、510 cfu/mL;表皮葡萄球菌计数均值分别为940、866、820、770、660 cfu/mL。辐照后冰冻血浆中细菌活菌数量也显著降低(P<0.05),辐照前后红细胞悬液的常规参数相比无统计学意义(P>0.05);辐照后血浆FHb浓度显著上升(P<0.05)、ATP和2,3-DPG含量显著降低(P<0.05)。FⅧ(%)在≥30Gy剂量的辐照后显著降低(P<0.05)。结论137Csγ射线辐照可以杀灭红细胞悬液和普通冰冻血浆中的大部分常见细菌,尽管同时会部分影响红细胞和血浆蛋白功能,但是仍然符合血液成分质量要求。

Objective To investigate the efficiency of contaminated bacterial inactivation in blood products and the impact of quality on blood products by137Cs γ-rays irradiation. Methods 50 mL of each red blood cells（ RBCs） and general frozen plasma（ FP） was containing 102~ 103CFUs per milliliter with P. aeruginosa,S. epidermidis,Y. enterocolitica and P.aeruginosa,S. aureus,all the above samples were irradiated respectively by137Cs γ-rays with dose 20,25,30,35 and 40Gy. Before and after irradiation,the numbers of viable bacteria in blood products and hematological,biochemical parameters were detected and analyzed. Results The numbers of viable bacteria in RBCs decreased significantly after irradiation（ P 〈0. 05）. After irradiation with dose 20,25,30,35 and 40 Gy,the average numbers of viable bacteria of P. eruginosa were 300,260,210,150 and 130 CFUs per milliliter; those of S.epidermidis were 1 163,1 143,1 112,1 004 and 942 CFUs per milliliter; and those of Y. enterocolitica were 280,77,51,26 and108 CFUs per milliliter,respectively. The numbers of viable bac-teria in FP also decreased significantly after irradiation（ P〈 0. 05）. After irradiation with dose 20,25,30,35 and 40 Gy,the average numbers of viable bacteria of P. aeruginosa were 836,710,680,640 and 510 CFUs per milliliter; and those of S. aureus were 940,866,820,770 and 660 CFUs per milliliter. Most of the hematological and biochemical parameters of RBCs（ erythrocyte,hemoglobin,haematocrit,mean corpuscular volume,pH,Na＋and Cl-） showed no significant differences before and after irradiation. After irradiation,the concentration of FHb was significantly increased（ P 〈0. 05）,while the concentrations of ATP and 2,3-DPG were significantly decreased（ P 〈0. 05）. The level of FⅧ（ %） was significant decrease（ P〈 0.05） when FP irradiated with dose more than 25 Gy. Conclusion Although the irradiation can damage RBC and reduce the protein activity of FP,it is not enough to harm the quality and safety of blood products for transfusion. The137 Cs γ-rays irradiations can inactive most of the contaminated bacterial in RBCs and FP,by which can reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection.