人类红细胞血型Diego (DI,010)研究进展

Diego( DI,010),the human erythrocyte blood group system

目前Diego血型系统共发现22个抗原,均位于红细胞膜外带3蛋白上,是单基因SLC4A1单核苷酸多态性的产物。此血型系统中除了Dib、Wrb、DISK抗原外,其他抗原的表达频率极低,至今报道了抗-Dia、-Dib、-Wra、-ELO、-DISK具有临床意义,可引起轻重程度不等的新生儿溶血病和输血反应性疾病。值得注意的是Dia抗原在蒙古人种中具有多态性特点,在人种遗传学研究中具有生物学意义。

The Diego blood group system（ DI） currently encompasses 22 antigens. The antigens are carried on the extracellular loops of erythrocyte band 3 protein,the products of single nucleotide polymorphism of a single gene SLC4A1（ solute carrier family 4,anion exchanger,member 1）. Three of the antigens（ Dib,Wrb,DISK） are of high prevalence and the other19 are of low prevalence. Antibodies to Diego system with anti-Dia,-Dib,Wra,-ELO,and-DISK seem to be of clinical significance,can cause varying degrees of hemolytic disesase of newborn（ HDN） and transfusion reaction by reports. It is important that Diaantigen is a useful anthropological marker because it is polymorphic in most Mongoloid populations,therefore its clinical significance cannot be neglected in these populations.