一种防盘式对转电机转子失步的控制方法

A Control Method of Preventing Disc Contra- rotating PMSM from Losing of Synchronism

用于水下航行器对转螺旋桨驱动的盘式对转永磁同步电机由一个定子一套绕组,2个永磁转子构成。需要用一套变频器控制2个转子保持同步,在2个转子上的负载相同或对称变化时,现有文献提出的方法能够控制两转子转速保持同步。然而受水流影响,双转子负载不对称突变时,转子转速下降幅度不相同,由于PI调节慢且有一定静差,容易造成转子失步,电机可控性差。为了提高电机抗不对称负载扰动的能力,用线性自抗扰控制器取代PI调节器,设计了线性电流自抗扰控制器和基于模型补偿的转速线性自抗扰控制器,模型补偿转速线性自抗扰控制器能够提高了系统对扰动的估计速度和精度,从而控制系统对转速调节加快。仿真实验表明,控制方法能够有效地防止对转电机在负载变化不对称的情况下发生转子失步。

Disc Contra- rotating permanent magnet synchronous motor （Contra -rotating PMSM） is used for driving contra -rotating propellers on underwater vehicle. It has one stator with one winding and two permanent magnet rotors. It needs one inverter to control two rotors and keep them in synchronism. The method proposed by the currently existing papers can achieve this purpose when the loads on two rotors change symmetrically or keep in the same. While it is sensitive to the influence of a sudden asymmetrically varying in the load torque influenced by water flowing. This makes the speed of two rotors fall down differently, and then lose of synchronism, since PI controllers adjust slowly with static error. Therefore, Contra - rotating PMSM, S controllability is poor. In order to enhance the system, s ability of asymmetric load disturbance rejection, this paper replaces PI controller with linear active disturbance rejection controller （ADRC）. This paper designs a linear ADRC of currency and a model - compensation linear ADRC scheme for the Contra - rotating PMSM speed - regulation system. And it ensures the estimation precision of disturbance by an extended state observer （ESO） and speeding up the speed - regulation of the system. Simulation results indicate that the method of this paper successfully prevents Anti - rotary PMSM from losing of synchronism, when the load of two rotors changes asymmetrically.