生态移民区不同生计方式农户的土地利用变化与效率分析

Land Use Transformation of Farmers and Land Utilization Efficiency of Different Livelihood Strategies in Ecological Migration Area

选取宁夏典型移民示范区银川永宁县的闽宁镇为研究区域,采用参与式农村评估的方法,在划分农户的生计方式的基础上,对不同生计方式下农户的土地利用变化和土地利用效率进行了研究。结果表明,不同生计方式下农户的土地利用方式与用地效率之间呈显著差异。表现为纯农户种植结构单一,以种植粮食作物为主;非农户种植结构单一,以种植经济作物为主;兼业户的种植结构复杂。兼业户和非农户的土地利用效率高于纯农户。比较3种土地利用方式,发现纯农户所获得的收益最高。农业兼业化现象,使得农户对农业的投入减少和农业管理弱化。

Minning town was selected as the study area and the participatory rural appraisal method was used to study farmer’s land use transformation and land utilization efficiency of different livelihood strategies. The results showed that the pure agriculture household’s planting structure was single. Food crops were mainly planted. The agriculture-dependent household’s planting structure was single and cash crops were mainly planted. The off-farm dependent household’s planting structure was complex. The agriculture-dependent household and the off-farm dependent households’ land utilization efficiency were higher than that of the pure agriculture household’s. Comparing three types of land use patterns, the pure agriculture households obtained the highest land revenue. Because of getting continuously involved in non-agricultural sectors, farmers reduced investment in agriculture and agricultural management.