头花杜鹃和千里香杜鹃叶中挥发油的化学成分分析

Volatile Components of Leaves of Rhododendron capitatum and Rhododendron thymifolium

分析比较青海互助北山林场中头花杜鹃(Rhododendron capitatum Maxim.)和千里香杜鹃(Rhododendron thymifolium Maxim.)叶中挥发油的化学成分及异同。采用水蒸气蒸馏法对头花杜鹃和千里香杜鹃叶的挥发油进行气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析,并结合Kovats保留指数对其主要成分进行定性分析。鉴定出头花杜鹃叶中40种挥发性化学成分,含量最高的分别是β-蒎烯(29.02%)、α-蒎烯(28.31%)、柠檬烯(7.45%)。千里香杜鹃叶中鉴定出24种挥发性化学成分,含量最高的分别是β-蒎烯(19.92%)、α-蒎烯(19.81%)、月桂烯(4.21%)。头花杜鹃和千里香杜鹃叶中的挥发油在成分构成上比较相似,但在相对含量上差异较大。

The difference of volatile compounds between Rhododendron capitatum and Rhododendron thymifolium at national forest of Huzhu northern mountain in Qinghai province was compared. Using steam distillation, volatile components in Rhododendron capitatum and Rhododendron thymifolium were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS） combining with the Kovats retention indices（KI）. 58 volatile compounds were identified in Rhododendron capitatum, and the contents of β-Pinene（29.02%）, α-Pinene（28.31%）and Limonene（7.45%）were the highest. 24 volatile compounds were identified in Rhododendron thymifolium,and the contents of β-Pinene（19.92%）, α-Pinene（19.81%）and Myrcene（4.21%） were the highest. The essential oil in leaves between two kinds of rhododendron had a similarity in chemical components but there was a high difference in relative contents.