从“苏报案”到“天窗”——浅谈革命舆论与晚清新闻出版之立法

From the Subao Event to the Roof Window :Discussing the Public Opinion of Revolution and the Legislation of Press and Publication in Late Qing Dynasty

报纸成为20世纪初中国社会主要的媒体资源。因没有对新闻及时立法,清季爆发的"苏报案"等报案,令清政府感到措手不及。晚清的报案不同于康乾之时的文字狱,而报案的发生反过来促进了中国的新闻立法。但清季的新闻立法并没有起到实效,而革命党人巧妙地利用了报纸宣传革命,为自己的政治目的服务,诸如"国风报案"与山西巡抚被免、"大江报案"与国内舆论以及辛亥年间的假新闻,等等。因此,晚清由报纸主导的社会舆论很大程度上引发了革命,更顺应了时代潮流。

Tbe newspaper became main social media resources. In early twentieth Century in China. Because there is no time for news legislation, the Qing Dynasty government had to face the outbreak of the Subao event and the other events, the Qing Dynasty government was to be taken by surprise. In the late Qing Dynasty Age, newspaper events were different from the literary inquisition, and in turn newspaper nvents promoted Chinese news legislation. But the news legislation of Qing government was not the effective, while the revolutionary party cleverly used the newspapers to publicize revolution for their own political purposes, such as, Guofeng Event and of the governor of Shanxi, Dajiang Event and domestic public opinion, fals news in 1911, and so on. Therefore, in the late Qing Dynasty public opinion by the newspaper dominated largely caused a revolution（ 1911 ）, and conformed to the trend of the times.