产品内分工、国际生产分割与服务业聚合——以服务外包为中间投入的中美服务贸易的实证检验

Intra-product specialization,international Fragmentation and service industry aggregation—Empirical evidence based on Service outsourcing as the intermediate inputs in China and America's trade services

本文以李嘉图的比较优势理论为起点,以跨国公司产品内分工、国际生产分割与服务业聚合为主题,对斯托珀一萨缪尔森定理、雷布钦斯基定理及其加强定理进行理论推演,对中美服务贸易进行实证检验。本文的研究结果,第一,斯托珀一萨缪尔森定理、雷布钦斯基定理及其加强定理是理论推演的三种情形之一;第二,美国相对于中国承接服务外包业务量随着经济规模扩大而呈现递减式增长。美国相对于中国生产服务的工资增加相同比例或者全要素生产率增加相同比例,相对于中国承接其他国家服务外包业务量下降的速度要快;第三,美国相对于中国服务业增加值增加相同比例,美国相对承接服务外包业务量增加的速度要快,这是规模报酬递增的结果。为此,中国经济规模的不断扩大、服务数目的日益增加、单位商品的劳动生产率不断提高,同时减缓中国零部件生产服务业的工资水平的不断攀升,有助于增强中国服务外包业务的竞争力。

This article is based on Ricardo＇s theory of comparative advantage as a starting point, it Comprehensive the stopper Samuelson theorem, Ray Buzzin J Ki＇s theorem and their strengthen theorem.At Multi - National Corporation, intra product specialization, international division of production and service industry aggregation as the theme of theoretical deduction, and Empirical Study on the trade in services between China and America. The results of this article, firstly, stopper Samuelson theorem, Ray Buzzin J Ki theorem and their strengthen theorem is one of the three kinds of theoretical deduction; secondly, America relative to the Chinese economic scale is larger, the service outsourcing business volume with the economic scale and decreasing increase. American relative to the same ratio increased Chinese production service wages, or the same proportion increased the total factor productivity growth compared to China, American undertake service outsourcing volume decreased faster than China quickly; Third,American relative to China service industry added value increase the same proportion, America relative to undertake service outsourcing business will increase the speed to be quick, this is mainly the result of increasing returns to scale. Therefore , the Chinese economy continues to expand, increasing the number of services, unit labor productivity rising commodities, while slowing down Chinese parts production service industry wages rising,, contribute to strengthen Chinese service outsourcing business competitiveness.