宝鸡市大气降尘中重金属污染特征

Characteristics of heavy metal pollution of atmospheric dustfall in Baoji

目的研究宝鸡市大气降尘中重金属元素的浓度含量、来源及其污染现状,为宝鸡大气环境治理提供参考依据。方法利用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定宝鸡市大气降尘中的重金属元素的浓度,用富集因子法和地积累污染指数法对其数据进行评价分析。结果测定结果表明,宝鸡市大气降尘中7种重金属元素Pb、Cd、Zn、Cu、Cr、Ni、Fe的平均含量分别为陕西土壤相应元素背景值的27.3、40.4、8.2、3.9、1.0、2.2和1.2倍,是中国土壤相应元素背景值的22.5、39.1、7.6、3.7、1.1、2.4和1.4倍。结论宝鸡市大气降尘中重金属元素受到不同程度的污染,其中Pb、Cd已经达到重污染,需要采取切实可行的防控措施,降低重金属的污染程度。

Objective—To study the concentration contents,resources and the pollution status of heavy metal elements from the atmospheric dustfall in Baoji,Shaanxi Province,China to provide reference for the treatment of the atmospheric environment in Baoji.Methods—Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was used to measure the concentration of heavy metal elements in the samples from the atmospheric dustfall in Baoji,and Geo-accumulation method and the enrichment factor method were adopted to analyze experimental data.Results—The determination results showed that the average of such seven heavy metals in Baoji atmosphere dustfall as Pb,Zn,Cu,Cd,Cr,Ni,Fe was respectively27.2,8.2,3.9,40.4,1.0,2.2,1.2times as high as the soil element backgrounds in Shaanxi Province,and 22.5,7.6,3.7,39.1,1.1,2.4,1.4times was as high as the number in China mainland.Conclusion—The heavy metal elements from the atmospheric dustfall in Baoji caused pollution of deferent level,and Pb and Cd have caused heavy pollution so the level of heavy metal pollution shall be reduced with feasible prevention and control means.