五代史馆与史书纂修

History Institutes of the Five Dynasties Period and the Compilation of Histories

五代沿唐制,继续设置史馆,征集、整理、保留本朝及前朝史料,撰修本朝实录及前朝史。史馆隶属门下省,通常由门下省长官监修国史,选史馆修撰才学较优者一人判馆事。史馆修撰有专职、兼职之分。修撰之下又有直史馆,辅助修撰。监修国史、史馆修撰与直史馆构成史馆三级史官。史馆修史大多先修本朝实录。本朝实录牵涉前朝,于是继修唐史,至后晋,终于完成《旧唐书》之编纂。五代各朝实录成为《旧五代史》本纪、列传之主要材料。

The history institutes of the Five Dynasties Period continued the tradition of compiling the history of its former dynasty and keeping the factual records of its own. The compilation of JIUWUDAISHI was a best example,which provided numerous precious historical materials for the compilation of XINWUDAISHI. Each of the five dynasties had its own history institutes to gather and compile the historical materials and records of its time,so as to write the history for that. These history institutes were attached to Menxiasheng and one Tongpan was selected from all the Xiuzhuan of the history institutes to supervise the compilation work by Jianxiuguoshi,the leader of Menxiasheng. Xiuzhuan,including the regular and part-time staff,as well as Zhishiguan to assist the work of Xiuzhuan,were responsible for the other routine duties. Thus,Jianxiuguoshi,Xiuzhuan and Zhishiguan were the three levels of officials of the history institute. Normally,the history compilation work was started with the factual records of their own period,and since many events were related to the Tang Dynasty,the compilation of JIUTANGSHU was also put on the agenda after then,though this work wasn＇t finished until the Houjin Dynasty. In addition,the factual records of the five dynasties were also an important source of the biography parts of JIUWUDAISHI.