金毓黻论通史编纂

On Jin Yufu's Idea of General Chinese History Compilation

金毓黻指出,现代通史应概括地叙述历史发展进程,贵在脉络贯通而简要有序,通古今之变为其必具之要义。因而,在历史分期上不能机械地模仿西史,在撰述方法上应以鸟瞰式为主、虫蛀式为辅。此外,还需恰当地处理与专史的关系,通史应以求通为目标,具体详尽的记述则由专史承担,二者各司其职。金毓黻认为,周谷城《中国通史》以鸟瞰式方法观察中国历史,最得通史要领;章太炎《中国通史略例》所创之通史体例以简驭繁,近乎现代通史之要求,而梁启超试图合通史、专史于一体,这是其通史撰述难以取得成就的重要原因。金毓黻有关通史编纂的认识,既是对20世纪前期史家通史撰述实践的总结,也是对其理想中通史的期待与规范。

Jin Yufu pointed out that modern general Chinese history must be narrated in broad outline and in clear order,based on the comprehension of the change from ancient times to the present age. In order to obtain the goal,Chinese historians should learn from Zhou Gucheng and Zhang Taiyan in their subtle balance of the general and the specific when writing general Chinese history.