盐岩地下储气库泄漏事故及其预防技术分析

Analysis of leakage accident for underground gas storage caverns in salt rock and its prevention technique

由于盐岩储库气体泄漏所引起重大事故时有发生,为保障能源储备安全、预防人员伤亡和财产损失,评述盐岩地下储气库气体泄漏量的计算模型、气体泄漏后的扩散模型以及事故预防措施等3个方面的研究成果,展望其发展趋势,并指出今后的研究方向。结果表明:储库中的天然气通过注采井套管泄漏到大气中最有可能引发安全事故;现有的气体泄漏量模型较复杂,不方便使用和计算;缺少完全适用于天然气泄漏扩散的理论模型;我国盐岩储气库防护研究尚处于起步阶段,未形成体系。

Due to disasters induced by the leakage from underground gas storage caverns in salt rock happened every now and then,in order to ensure energy reserve security,prevent personnel casualty and property loss,results of current investigation into development of leakage accident prevention by scholars in China and abroad were systematically summarized and discussed. Three key issues were listed as follows：the analytical model of gas leakage quantity,diffuseness model and influence area after leakage,and prevention protection against the accident. Trends in analysis of and safety protection against leakage accident of underground gas storage caverns in salt rock were previewed. Possible research directions in the future are pointed out. The researches indicated that accidents will most likely be caused by a leakage of natural gas from underground gas storage cavern into the atmosphere through the injection well casing,that existing models of gas leakage are complex,difficult to be used to make calculation,that there isn＇t still a theoretical model which is fully applicable to natural gas diffusion,and that research on protection of gas storage caverns in salt rock is still in its infancy,it has not yet formed a unified system.