高压共轨式电控柴油机喷射系统的结构优化设计

Structure Optimization Design on the High- pressure Common Rail Electronically Controlled Diesel Injection System

针对目前普通柴油机喷射系统很难满足柴油机动力性能、经济性能和排放性能的要求，本论文主要目的是介绍一款以高压共轨电控装置为基础，对其电控喷油器结构进行优化和改进的燃料喷射系统，阐述了该系统的工作原理和结构组成。主要介绍了喷油器的工作过程，同时对电控喷油器的电气参数进行了分析；通过改进之后使该系统喷油器的电磁阀具有体积小、耐高压、耐高温、耐震动和响应速度快等特点。优化之后的喷射系统在工作时候不仅能达到较高的喷射压力、实现喷射压力和喷油量的控制，而且能实现预喷射和后喷，从而优化喷油特性形状。降低柴油机噪声和大大减少废气的排放量。

At present, the ordinary diesel injection system is difficult to meet the requirements of diesel engine power performance, economic performance and emission performance. The main purpose of this thesis is to intro- duce a fuel injection system, the optimization and improvement of on electronic controlled injector structure based on the high pressure common rail electronic control device, and elaborates the working principle and structure of the system. At the same time, the electrical parameters of the injector are analyzed. After the improvement of the sys- tem, the electromagnetic valve injector has the characteristics of small volume, high pressure resistance, high tem- perature resistance, shock resistance and fast response etc. The ir^jeetior~ system can achieve higher injection pressure and control of the injection pressure and injection quantity, but also can achieve preinjection and post injection at work after it was improved, so as to optimize the shape of injection feature and reduce the noise of diese~ engine and exhaust emissions.