重载货车坡道制动动力学及轮轨磨耗研究

Study on the braking dynamics and wheel /rail wear for the heavy haul trucks on ramp lines

运用多体动力学方法,建立了包括1辆详细车辆动力学模型,101辆仅考虑纵向自由度简化车辆模型的大秦重载铁路万t列车模型,模型包含车钩力、缓冲器阻抗特性、制动空气波传递,以及装配侧架交叉支撑转向架和径向转向架等因素。在此基础上,分析列车坡道制动的车辆动力学行为、运行安全性,以及制动力对不同转向架的影响。研究结果表明:制动力和闸瓦力改变了轮轨接触和蠕滑关系,线路坡道越大,轮轨磨耗越剧烈,但径向转向架可提高列车运行安全性,降低轮轨磨耗。

Based on the multi-body dynamic method,a 10,000 tons train dynamic model includes one complicated car model with cross-braced bogie or radial bogie,and other 101 simple car models with only the longitudinal DOF（ Degree of freedom） on the Da-Qin heavy haul lines were established. The coupler forces,buffer damping and braking air wave characteristics,were take into consideration. The vehicle dynamics,safety and wheel /rail wear of different type bogies were investigated when the train brakes on ramp lines. The results show that since the braking forces and brake shoe forces change wheel-rail relationship and creep,the wheel-rail wear is more severe on ramp lines,while the radial bogie on the whole can improve the running safety and wear.