1982-2012年江苏省审定油菜品种系谱及性状分析

Pedigree and Trait Analysis of Rapeseed Varieties Registered in Jiangsu Province in 1982-2012

分析了1982-2012年江苏省审定的62个油菜品种的亲本系谱、品种特性以及主要农艺性状和经济性状特点。结果表明,江苏省审定的甘蓝型油菜品种的原始亲本为胜利油菜,低芥酸性状主要源自Zephyr、Primor、Midas和荣山等,低硫苷性状主要源自Tower、Wesroona、Marnoo和Wesbrook等。江苏省审定的油菜品种的主要农艺性状中,生育期逐步缩短,并基本稳定在243 d左右;株高变化较大,因品种而异。4个产量(产油量)构成因素中,含油量年平均增幅最大,尤其是在2003-2012年间,年平均增幅达到0.65%;单株角果数和每角粒数有上升趋势,而千粒重则变化相对较小。受双低性状对产量性状的负效应影响,产量及产油量在1982-2012年间的年平均增幅均不大,但优质常规品种的产量与产油量的年平均增幅较大,分别为23.10 kg/hm2和13.20 kg/hm2。研究结果可为江苏省油菜新品种的选育与推广提供参考。

The pedigree,characteristic,agronomic traits,and economic traits of 62 rapeseed varieties registered in Jiangsu province from 1982 to 2012 were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that most of the rapeseed varieties registered in Jiangsu was originated from the variety Victor,the trait of low erucic acid content was originated from Zephyr,Primor,Midas,and Rongshan,and the trait of low glucosinolates content was from Tower,Wesroona,Marnoo,and Wesbrook. The whole growth period of varieties was trended to be shorten and reached to about 243 days,the plant height varied greatly and decided by different varieties. Among the seed or oil yield components,oil content varied greatly,especially in 2003- 2012,the average annual growth rate reached to 0. 65%,the silique number per plant and seed number per silique trended to increase,while the 1000-seed weight changed relatively smaller. Owing to the negative effect of double low traits on yield,the average annual growth rate of seed and oil yield in 1982- 2012 was small,but that of the superior quality variety reached to 23. 10 kg /hm2and 13. 20 kg /hm2,respectively.The results of this study were helpful for the breeding and popularization of new rapeseed varieties in Jiangsu province.