当代经验知识的核心之辩

The Core in Contemporary Debate About Empirical Knowledge

经验知识是否具有可信赖的基础?它构成了哲学家论辩的一个基本问题域。基础主义者的回答是肯定的并集中反映在"给予论"这一理论中。但自从塞拉斯提出"给予神话"以来,哲学家开始重新审视经验知识的基础。当代一些重要的哲学家,如戴维森、麦克道威尔等都卷入其中。通过比较这些哲学家对"给予神话"不同论述可知论辩的焦点所在,即指向一个核心问题:经验内容与概念的关系。有些学者认为概念已经以不同方式进入经验内容,而反对者则认为在给予中存在非概念的经验内容作为知识的基础。对此问题的回应,最具影响的是康德的论述。通过回到康德,可进一步厘清当代经验知识基础的论战的关键所在。

It has formed a basic domain of discussion whether or not empirical knowledge has a reliable foundation. However, since Sellars presented the myth of the given, some distinguished philosophers, such as Donald Davidson, and John McDowell, have re - investigated the empirical foundation of knowledge. What they are mainly concerned is the relationship between empirical contents and conceptions. Some scholars hold that concepts permeate the em- pirical contents, but opponents claim that there are non -conceptual empirical contents in the given as the basis of knowledge. The most influential response to this is Kant＇ s expounding, which helps us understand the essence of contemporary debates about the basis of empirical knowledge.