哈贝马斯科学技术意识形态理论探析

Analysis of Habermas' s Theory on Ideology of Science and Technology

科学技术是现代社会存在与发展的重要力量,在以国家干预活动增加与科学技术成为第一生产力为特征的晚期资本主义社会,科学技术作为一种新的意识形态形式,为资本主义统治提供了合法性基础。哈贝马斯指出,科技理性作为目的理性的表现形式,在压制人们交往理性的基础上,遏制了人类的解放需求。通过建立批判的解释学、实行协商民主和发挥社会公众的力量,恢复交往理性的功能,从而破除科技意识形态的束缚,建构更加合理的社会制度。哈贝马斯的科学技术意识形态理论为分析当代资本主义提供了一种新的模式和视角,但是也存在某些幻想性因素。

Science and technology are important forces in modem society. In the late capitalism whose feature is in- creasing state intervention with science and technology being the first productivity, science and technology, as a new form of ideoloy, provide legal basis for the capitalist domination. Habermas points out that the scientific and techno- logical rationality, as a form of aim rationality, suppress human needs of liberation by curbing the communicative ra- tionality. Through the establishment of critical hermeneutics, carrying out the deliberative democracy, developing the power of social public, and recovering the communicative rationality function, we can break the bondage of ideology of science and technology and build a more reasonable social system. In Habermas＇ s theory on ideology of science and technology,a new approach to the research on contemporary capitalism is provided, but some fantasy elements also exist.