近代嘉兴的城镇体系与市场层级——以1930年代为中心

Hierarchy of City and Market System in the Modern Times of Jiaxing-Focus on the 1930s

在中国城市与市镇史的研究中,施坚雅模型虽然影响深远,但运用其理论方法开展个案研究的尝试却并不多。近代以来有关嘉兴城镇人口、工商业、行政与社会机构的资料记载为这种研究提供了可能性。对这些资料的梳理显示出,近代嘉兴为嘉湖经济区的中心城市之一,居于较大城市层级。以之为中心的城镇体系,与施坚雅的理想模型能够契合,但也存在两点重要的差异:一为"复式中心地"的存在,二则充分发展的高级中心地对周边低级中心地的中心职能具有明显的抑制作用。

Although having farreaching effects on the research in the history of Chinese city and market town, Skinnerian Model hasn＇ t found a wide application in this area yet, especially in the case study approach. The materials of Jiaxing County in modern times offer a possibility for such research. As one of the center cities of Jiaxing Huzhou economic area, Jiaxing showed its importance in both local administration and regional economy in the 1930s. The analysis of materials shows that ＂hierarchy of local system＂ around Jiaxing is on the whole accordant with Skinner＇s abstract theory, with two different points. First, ＂dual central places＂ are common. Second, the development of lower level central place is often restrained by welldeveloped higher level central places nearby.