汉长孙氏《孝经》有《闺门》章说辨惑

Discussion on a Confusing Issue—Zhangsun in the Han Dynasty held that Xiaojing Included the Chapter Guimen

载籍流传,屡经钞刻,亥豕鲁鱼,在所不免。传学者意有所疑,辄就增损,所校所改,或失故书之旧,则迷误滋甚。后学承讹袭谬,往往因一字一句之误,妄事推演,自矜创获,则歧中又歧矣。《隋书·经籍志》载汉长孙氏《孝经》为今文十八章本;乃下文复言"长孙有《闺门》一章"。按《孝经·闺门章》为古文本所独有,如是,则长孙氏经本为十九章矣,《隋志》前后之说歧互,致启学者纷纷异说,迄今未见有剖白其致误之由者。近复有学者据《隋志》后说,谓今本《孝经·闺门章》原系长孙氏《孝经说》之文,东汉经传合并,其说误窜入经文,魏晋间学者伪造《孔传》,参用长孙氏经本,古文遂有《闺门》一章;作者更进而推论长孙氏即宣帝时《韩诗》博士长孙顺。便辞巧说,肆意推衍,不知其所据者乃史之讹文,其说虽新,究非本真。今辨析其非及审其致误之由,以见校勘之事终不可废也。

Written Errors are inevitable when documents are circulated and handed down in a long history. The scholars who found doubts in documents would sometimes make addition or deletion. Their proofreading or revision probably created more errors as they had lost the original documents. And the followers would often make their own inference based on the previous errors and even boasted of their merits. Jingfizhi in the book of Suishu records that Zhangsun＇s Xiaojing Edition included 18 chapters, but in the following context it said ＂Zhangsun [ ＇s edition ] has Chapter Guimen. ＂ If that was true, then Zhangsun＇s edition should have 19 chapters. Scholars argued on this confusing point but no analysis on the cause of the mistake. Recently some scholars argued that the existent Xiaojing - Guimen should have been the context of Zhangsun＇s Xiaojingshuo and Zhangsun was actually Zhangsun Shun during the reign of Emperor Xuan. The scholar did not know his proof came out of the errors of historical documents. This article discusses the mistake of this argument and the cause of the mistake. Collation of historical documents is still important today.