晚清女报中的国族论述与女性意识——1907年的多元呈现

The Discussion of the Nation-State and the Female Awareness in the Women's Newspapers of the Late-Qing Dynasty——Their Diversified Manifestations in 1907

1907年是中国女报界迅速扩展的一年,当年最少有十种杂志面世。其中影响最大的是《中国女报》《中国新女界杂志》与《天义报》。三份刊物共同的特点是,编辑均为女性,且都有留学或居留日本的经历。尤其是三家女报的同中有异及各自独特的探求,使其在同一对话场域中展现出多元的样态。而无论是秋瑾主办的《中国女报》之提倡民族主义、期待"汉侠女儿"的出现,燕斌主持的《中国新女界杂志》之宣导国家主义、呼唤"女国民"的诞生,还是何震编辑的《天义报》之标举无政府主义、推崇女虚无党的实践,都从不同的角度与层面切近了女性与国族的关系论述,从而丰富了近代中国的思想图景。

The year of 1907 saw the fast development of Chinese women journalism with at least ten magazines published that year. The most influential of them were Chinese Women Journal （《中国发报》）, Chinese New Women Magazine （《中国新女界杂志》） and Tien Yee （《天义报》）. Their common features were that all their editors were female and had the experience of studying or living in Japan. What＇ s more, they showed diversified forms and attitudes in the same field of discourse, due to their own special pursuits besides their commonness. For instance, Chinese Women Journal hosted by Qiu Jin （秋瑾） advocated nationalism and expected the emergence of ＂the Chinese female knight-errants＂ （汉侠女儿）. Chinese New Women Magazine whose chief-editor was Yah Bing （燕斌） propagandized statism and called for the birth of ＂female nationals＂ （女国民）. Tien Yee edited by He Zhen （何震） proposed anarchism and admired the practice of the Female Nihility Party （女虚无党）. They all addressed the relationship between women and the nation-state from different perspectives and aspects, thus enriching the intellectual vision of modern China.