自然生物膜对水体中罗丹明B的净化与响应

Purification of Rhodamine B in Wastewater by Periphyton and Response of Periphyton to Dye

以RhB(RhodamineB,罗丹明B)为模型染料,研究了自然生物膜对RhB的去除,并分别使用Biolog和PLFA(磷脂脂肪酸)为技术手段和指标,探究RhB的存在对自然生物膜微生物群落结构和微生物碳源利用多样性的影响.结果表明,第1天自然生物膜对水体中RhB的去除率为29.2%,之后几天的平均去除率降至3.9%左右;在测试期内RhB的总去除率达到68.6%.PLFA测定结果表明,RhB使自然生物膜中的PLFA总量减少了52.23%,其中细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量分别减少了75.81%、67.03%和100%.Biolog测定结果表明,低质量浓度的RhB降低了自然生物膜中微生物群落对碳源的利用能力,改变了生物膜微生物群落对31种碳源的利用情况,但RhB并没有对自然生物膜的微生物结构造成完全的破坏.综上,自然生物膜作为一种自然水体中自生的微生物聚集体具有显著的生态学意义,其对低质量浓度的RhB具有一定的净化作用,但是RhB的存在也会对自然生物膜的结构和功能产生影响.

The use of synthetic chemical dyes during various industrial processes, including textile, leather, and cosmetics manufacturing,food processing,and paper and dye manufacturing has grown considerably over the past few decades,increasing the amount of dye-containing effluents into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Rhodamine B（ RhB） was used as a dye to explore the reciprocal effects between periphytons and RhB. The goals were to find the removal efficiency of RhB by periphytons,and to investigate the effects of RhB on the microbial composition and its ability to utilize diversified carbon sources through Biolog and PLFA（ phospholipid fatty acid）. The results showed that RhB in the water could be removed by periphytons to some extent. The removal rate reached 29. 2%after the first day,and then decreased on average 3. 9% in each following day. The total removal rate reached 68. 6% after 11 days of the experiment. The results also showed that the PLFA value of the periphytons decreased by 52. 23%,and the diversity of bacteria,fungus and actinomycete decreased 75. 81%, 67. 03% and 100%,respectively. Biolog study showed that the low concentration of RhB lead to a reduction of AWCD value, and affected the microbial utilization of 31 carbon sources. However,the results also suggested that the microbial communities were not completely destroyed after exposure to RhB. In conclusion,periphytons were found to be efficient for the removal of low concentrations of RhB,but the dye might affect the microbial composition and its ability to utilize diversified carbon sources.