综合干预措施对改善核潜艇潜航期间艇员电解质水平的效果

EFFECTS OF SYNTHESIZED INTERVENTION MEASURES ON THE LEVEL OF SERUM ELECTROLYTE IN NUCLEAR SUBMARINER DURING SUBMERGED VOYAGE

目的评价综合干预措施对改善核潜艇潜航期间艇员电解质水平的效果,为制定卫生保障措施提供科学依据。方法同一艘艇执行2次远航任务。第1次远航为未干预组(n=42人);第2次远航为综合干预组(n=42人),施与综合干预措施,包括增加富含电解质食物、服用多维元素片〔29〕和碳酸钙D3片、模拟太阳光照射等;未干预组未施与综合干预措施。2组潜航前,潜航第3天、第10天、第20天、第30天5个时间点检测艇员动脉血清Na+、K+、Ca2+水平。结果 (1)未干预组和综合干预组低血K+发生率分别为35.0%和5.0%;低血Ca2+发生率分别为37.5%和10.0%,2组间差异有显著性(P<0.05)。(2)潜航第10天、第20天、第30天时,未干预组血清K+分别为(3.52±0.21)、(3.55±0.23)、(3.60±0.17)mmol/L,低于潜航前和潜航第3天水平〔(4.05±0.84)、(3.80±0.23)mmol/L〕(P<0.05)。(3)综合干预组潜航期间血清K+、Ca2+水平与潜航前比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05);但在潜航相同时间点上,综合干预组血清K+、Ca2+水平均明显高于未干预组(P<0.05)。结论综合干预措施能有效减少潜航期间核潜艇艇员低钾、低钙血症发生率。

Objective To study the effects of synthesized intervention measures on improving the level of serum electrolyte in nuclear submariner during submerged voyage,so as to provide scientific basis for working out measures of health security. Methods The submariners were divided into two groups： intervention group,and non-intervention group. The intervention group was given some synthesized intervention measures such as taking electrolyte enriched food,multivitamin 29,calcium carbonate D3,and fluorescent lamp shining,etc. The level of serum Na＋,K＋,Ca2 ＋was examined before sailing,and on the 3rd d,10th d,20th d,and 30th d of sailing. Results（ 1） The incidence of hypokalemia in non-intervention group,and intervention group was 35%,and 5% respectively（ P 〈 0.05）; that of hypocalcemia 37. 5%,and 10% respectively（ P 〈 0. 05）.（ 2） The level of serun K＋in non-intervention group on the 10th d 〔（ 3. 52 ± 0. 21） mmol /L〕,20th d 〔（ 3. 55 ± 0. 23） mmol /L〕,and 30th d 〔（ 3. 6 ± 0. 17）mmol /L〕was lower than that before sailing,as well as on the 3rd d〔（ 4. 05 ± 0. 84）,（ 3. 80 ± 0. 23） mmol /L respectively〕（ P〈0. 05）.（ 3） The levels of serum K＋,Ca2 ＋during submerged voyage in intervention group were not significantly different from those before voyage（ P〉 0. 05）,but were lower than those at the corresponding time in non-intervention group（ P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion The synthesized intervention mesures could reduce the incidence of hypokalemia and hypocalcemia in the submariners during submerged voyage.