云南省红河流域景观生态风险及驱动力分析

Landscape ecological risk and driving force analysis in Red river Basin

以云南省红河流域为研究区域,利用GIS和RS技术,建立基于景观格局和土壤侵蚀过程的景观生态风险指数,分析研究区域内景观生态风险分布规律。研究结果表明:重度和极重度格局风险区域、土壤侵蚀区域及综合景观生态风险区域主要沿红河主干道分布;综合景观生态风险指数在空间上呈现正的自相关性,高风险聚集区主要沿河流分布;不同景观类型中,建设用地、未利用地和水域的景观格局风险大于耕地、草地和林地,未利用地的土壤侵蚀风险最高,综合景观生态风险度依次为建设用地>水域>未利用土地>耕地>林地>草地;坡度在一定程度上影响着景观格局、土壤侵蚀以及综合景观生态风险。

Taking Red River watershed as a case,we analyzed landscape ecological risk variability by establishing a risk index based on landscape pattern and process using GIS and RS technology. The results showed： the regions with severe and very severe landscape pattern,soil erosion,and integrated landscape risk were located along the main stream of Red River. The integrated landscape risk index presented positive spatial autocorrelation and the regions of high-high integral landscape risk was located in the upstream and downstream of the Red River. Landscape pattern risks of the constructed land,water and unused land were higher than those of the cultivated land,grassland and forest land. Unused land had highest soil erosion risk. The rank order of six land use types according to their integral landscape ecological risk was constructed land water unused land cultivated land forest land grassland. Topographical factors and human disturbance factors can affect the landscape pattern,soil erosion,and integrated landscape ecological risk to a certain extent.