禅学与文学意趣的会通——“游戏三昧”与苏轼诗歌

Intercommunication of Chan and Literature——“Playing in the Joyous Samādhi”and SU Shi's Poetic Works

"游戏三昧"本身是一个禅学意象,它所指涉的是一种获得禅定或者禅悦之后精神上自在欢愉的圆融境界。东坡诗作被形容为"游戏三昧",是对其灵活技法和禅学意味的概括。东坡诗作中体现出了对禅味的体会,其人本身又了知般若空义,深悟实相,这将助益他到达"游戏三昧"的境界。"游戏三昧"对自在性的突出,使得自在成为法则之一。同时在宗教层面上,内化的戒律成为其规范法度。相似的,东坡诗在自在无碍之外,也因"致道"与"以意摄文"观念的约束,而没有产生芜秽的弊病。自在与法度,是"游戏三昧"意会通禅学与文学之处。

When the phrase＂playing in the joyous Samādhi＂is used in Chan,it refers to a fulfilled spiritual state with achievement from the joy of Chan.When it is used to describe SU Shi＇s poetic works,it puts emphasis on the poetic skills and inner Chan meaning.SU himself penetrated Prajā,which pushed him forwards to the Samādhi state.＂Playing in the joyous Samādhi＂highlights freedom.Accordingly,freedom becomes one of the rules.On the religious level,inner precepts become its standard rules.Similarly,SU Shi＇s poetry is free,but it doesn＇t produce the disorder because of the constraint of the idea of＂academic system＂and＂contents determine form＂.Freedom and rule is the place where ＂playing in the joyous Samādhi＂understands by insight Chan and literature.