3Lee CS, Tkacs NC. Current concepts of neurohormonal activation in heart failure: mediators and mechanisms. AACN Adv Crit Care, 2008,19(4):364-385, 386-387.
4Willenheimer R. Treatment of early heart failure: an ACEI or a beta -blocker first? Expert Opin Investig Drugs, 2006,15 (5) : 487-493.
6Kramer JM, Curtis LH. Comparative effectiveness of beta- blockers in elderly patients with heart failure. Arch Intern Med, 2008,168(22) :2422-2432.
7Brady A J, Poole-Wilson P A. ESC CHF: guidelines for the aspirational and the practical[J]. Heart, 2006,92 (4): 4:37- 440.
8Gilmour J. Caring for adults with chronic heart failure: rapid diagnosis and enhanced management[J]. Nurs Times, 2010, 106(45):16.
9Braunwald E, Bristow M R. Congestive heart failure: fifty years of progress[J]. Circulation, 2000,102 ( 20 Suppl 4 ):14- 23.
10Hunt S A, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines(Writing Com mittee to Update the 2001 Guidelines {or the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the aduh:a report of the American College of Cardi- ology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines(Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure) [J]. J Am Coil Cardiol,2005,46(6):el -e82.