建立大鼠压疮模型模具的实验研究

Experimental study on establishment of pressure ulcers rat model and mold

[目的]应用简易模具建立大鼠压疮模型,评价该模具的特征,将其应用于压疮基础及临床治疗研究。[方法]将10只Wistar大鼠随机分为两组,空白组不予以压力;模型组给予30kPa压强加压于靠近膝关节骨隆突处,每天3个缺血再灌注循环,连续2d。之后3d两组均不做任何处理,实验第5天全部处死。肉眼观察实验大鼠受压部位皮肤完整性和颜色变化,并在光镜下观察受压部位的表皮及肌肉组织。[结果]空白组大鼠皮肤肌肉组织无任何变化;模型组皮肤破溃,损伤逐渐由表皮、真皮延伸到肌肉层。[结论]本加压模具建立的压疮组织形态学病理变化与临床压疮相吻合,且模型具有稳定性和可重复性。模具使用方便、施加压力精确。

Obj ective：To establish a rat model of pressure ulcers by using a simple mold tool,evaluate its characteristics and put it applied in basic research and clinical treatment research of pressure ulcers.Methods：A total of 10 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group（n=2）and model group （n=8）.The rats in control group did not receive any pressure;the rats in model group were given 30 kPa pressure on the bone protuberance close to knee and three ischemia reperfusion cycles for every day,lasting for two days.No any treatment was done for them in three days after that,and all rats were sacrificed on the fifth day.The skin integrity and color changes in pressed parts in rats were observed by naked eye and the epidermis and muscle tissue of pressure areas were observed under light microscope.Results：Rats in control group didn’t have any changes in skin and muscle tissue;skin ulceration occurred in rats in model group,and damage gradually extended from the epidermis,the dermis to the muscle layer.Conclusion：Pressure sores model established by the pressurized mold,histological and pathological changes of pressure sores are consistent to clinical pressure sores,and the model has stability and repeatability.The mold is easy to use,and it gives pressure precisely.