篮球运动员运动损伤与预防的调查研究

A survey report of basketball players' injury and prevention in sports

采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法对淮南师范学院体育学院篮球专项班60名篮球运动员一年内的损伤次数、导致损伤的因素、发生损伤的部位、运动损伤的预防措施等进行调查分析。结论:①篮球运动员的运动损伤发生率高。前锋、中锋比后卫损伤发生率高,其中前锋最容易发生损伤。②篮球运动员损伤发生率女性高于男性,男性易损伤部位集中在腰背部、踝部、膝部、肩部,而女性易损伤的部位集中在踝部、肩部、膝部、腰背部。③导致篮球运动运动损伤的主要因素是旧伤病未痊愈、准备活动不充分、身体过度疲劳、注意力不集中、带伤训练比赛、技术应用不熟练等。④比赛后疲劳的消除、身体素质的全面训练、专项耐力训练、科学组织体育教学等应成为今后篮球教学和训练中预防措施的主要方面。

Using the methods of literature, questionnaire survey method, and mathematical statistics, the authors investigated the 60 basketball players from the school of physical education of Huainan Normal University about the number of their injury within one year, the damage factors, damage location, sports injury prevention measures. The findings are as follows： ① The basketball sports injury occurs often.Forwards and centers are more likely to get injured than backs with forwards the most likely. ②The female basketball players are more likely to get injured than the male ones. The male players are vulnerable to injury in the back, ankle, knee, shoulder while the female ones the ankle, knee, shoulder, waist and back.③What causes the injury mainly lies in the unhealed old injuries, insufficient preparation, physical fatigue,unfocused attention, training and competition injuries, unskilled application. ④ The elimination of fatigue after the game, comprehensive training for physical quality, endurance training, scientific organization of sports teaching are becoming the major aspects of prevention measures in the future teaching and training in basketball.