基于人因安全心理视角下人员疏散时间模型研究

Research on model of human evacuation time based on safety psychology perspective of human factors

为提高疏散时间模型的可靠度,基于人因工程中安全心理因素理论对高校宿舍疏散时间模型进行研究。采用了多元线性回归分析和曲线估计方法,通过疏散演习获取实验数据,构建安全疏散心理因素指标,在人员疏散时间回归模型的基础上,结合SPSS软件的回归分析,建立了疏散时间回归方程。在考虑群集疏散速度的前提下,对疏散时间方程进行优化,并利用Origin等高线图直观地表现了疏散时间、速度、人数三个变量的关系。结果表明:疏散时间主要受性别、楼层、指挥者和环境熟悉度的影响,疏散人数与疏散时间呈三次曲线关系,研究结果可为人员疏散设计和疏散方案的制定、疏散路径的优化提供参考。

In order to improve the reliability of evacuation time model,based on safety psychological factor theory of human engineering,the evacuation time model of university dormitories was studied. Using multiple linear regression analysis and curve estimation method,the experimental data were obtained through evacuation drills. The safe evacuation indicators of psychological factors were constructed. Based on the regression model of evacuation time,combining with regression analysis by SPSS software,the regression equation of evacuation time was established. In consideration of the speed of cluster evacuation prerequisite,the evacuation time equation was optimized,and using Origin contour maps,the relationship between three variables,including the evacuation time,speed,and number,was visually expressed. The results showed that the evacuation time is mainly affected by gender,residential floors,conductor and environmental familiarity,the relationship of human quantity and evacuation time shows cubic curve. The results can provide a reference for designing evacuation programs and optimizing evacuation route.