三种封管液对老年浅静脉留置针的留置效果及并发症观察

Study on efficacy of three tube- sealing solutions to intravenous catheter needle in elderly patients

目的观察三种封管液封管对老年患者浅静脉留置针的留置效果及并发症的差异。方法将210例老年内科疾病患者随机分为生理盐水、肝素液和输液余液组，每组70例，生理盐水和肝素液组均先脉冲式冲管，然后正压封管；输液余液组用患者输液剩余液体快速静滴后直接夹管。观察120h，观察各组留置针平均留置时间、回血率、外渗率、静脉炎发生率、留置针堵管率、出血率。结果生理盐水和肝素液组之间留置时间及并发症指标之间均无显著差异（P〉0．05），输液余液组留置时间显著低于生理盐水或肝素液（P〈0．01），输液余液组回血率和堵管率均显著高于生理盐水和肝素液组（P〈0．05）。结论在老年内科疾病患者浅静脉留置针输液后，用生理盐水封管具有和肝素钠稀释液封管同样的效果和比较低的并发症，而输液余液封管则容易回血或／和堵管而致留置时间缩短。

Objective To discover effect of three tube - sealing solutions for intravenous catheter needle in elderly patients. Methods 210 elderly patients were randomly divided into physio- logical saline, heparin fluid and residual liquid groups, each group with 70 patients. Pulsing and positive pressure injection were performed in physiological saline group and heparin fluid group, and the directly clipping with residual liquid after fast dripping was performed in group of residual liquid ; The average indwelling time and complications of bleed - return rate, leakage rate , the incidence of phlebi- tis, needle plugging rate, rate of hemorrhage were observed for 120 hours. Results The average in- dwelling time and complications were no significant difference between normal saline group and heparin fluid group （ P 〉 0. 05 ）, the average indwelling time of group of residual liquid of transfusion was sig- nificant lower than groups of physiological saline or heparin fluid （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the bleed - return rate （ P 〈 0.05 ） and the tube plugging rate （ P 〈 0.05 ） in group of residual liquid of transfusion were significantly higher than that of normal saline and heparin fluid groups. Conclusion Sealing tubes with physiological saline or heparin fluid on superficial vein retained needle in elderly patients have same clinical effects. Transfusion of residual liquid is likely to cause bleed - return or tube plugging, there- fore reducing the average indwelling time