手指游戏对学前智障儿童的价值及课程开发

The Value of Finger Games for Pre-school Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Curriculum Development of Finger Games

学前智障儿童与普通儿童一样,也有游戏的需要与权力。手指游戏是伴随儿歌或口令节奏,通过手部动作、言语去构造游戏情境而开展的游戏活动,对学前智障儿童具有以下几方面的价值:矫治其不良的情绪与行为、发展其精细动作和语言、开发其大脑、培养其交往合作能力。基于此,本研究根据学前智障儿童的身心特点、教学规律等,开发了学前智障儿童的手指游戏课程,并将其应用到一日生活中。

Pre-school children with intellectual disabilities and normal pre-school children all have the need and the right to play. Finger games are entertainment activities which are carried out through hand gesture and speech accompanied by nursery rhymes or oral rhythms, which have the following benefits for pre-school children with intellectual disabilities： correcting their abnormal emotions and behaviors, developing their fine motion and language skills, activating their brain, cultivating their capacities of communication and cooperation. Based on this, this study developed finger game course according to physical and psychological characteristics of pre-school children with intellectual disabilities, teaching rules and so on, and applied it to their daily kindergarten life.