美国中途宿舍的发展及其启示

The Development and Enlightenment of Halfway Houses in US

中途宿舍是国际上为成年障碍者、精神病患者、犯罪人士等弱势群体进行安置和回归主流社会的方式之一,已有100多年的发展历程。中途宿舍起源于早期的欧洲,19世纪在英格兰得到较大的发展。但是中途宿舍发展最好最快的当属美国,目前美国中途宿舍已是一个组织机构运作有序、政府投资与民间融资共存、规模合理、分类接受、教育训练有方、就业方式灵活的制度系统。美国中途宿舍发展的历程及经验为我国中途宿舍的发展提供了借鉴,如地位合法化等。

Internationally, halfway houses are one of the ways that adults with disabilities, psychopaths, people who have ever been involved in crimes and other vulnerable groups are placed so that they can return to mainstream society. With more than 100 years of the development history, halfway houses originated in early Europe and got greater development in the 19th century in England. While halfway houses get the best and the most rapid development in America, whose halfway houses now have been a system with orderly organization and operation, coexistence between governmental investment and private financing, reasonable size, classification acceptance, education training in the right way and flexible employment. The development and experience of halfway houses in the United States are used for reference for the development of halfway houses in China, such as legalized position, etc.