广西籍炎症性肠病的临床流行病学特点分析325例

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease in Guangxi: Analysis of 325 cases

目的:探讨广西籍炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)患者的流行病学特征、临床特点.方法:回顾性分析2003-05/2013-05广西医科大学第一附属医院广西籍IBD住院患者325例的流行病学及临床资料.结果:(1)325例IBD患者中,溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)266例,克罗恩病(Crohn's disease,CD)59例;IBD患者男女比为1.3∶1,高峰年龄段为30-39岁(20.92%),平均发病年龄39.62岁±18.09岁.IBD患者职业构成以脑力工作者(64.9%)为主.CD患者中吸烟(52.5%)、饮酒(32.2%)、阑尾手术(10.2%)的比例均高于UC(P<0.05);(2)发病部位:UC以广泛结肠(E3)(46.2%)发生例数最多;C D以回肠末段(L1)(37.5%)最为常见;(3)疾病活动性严重程度:UC以重度活动期患者(53.1%)为主;CD以中度活动期患者(54.2%)为主;(4)前、后5年患病组比较,CD后5年在IBD中所占的比例增加(P<0.05),前5年11例(8.8%),后5年48例(24.0%).后5年CD男性患者比例增多(P<0.05),前5年5例(45.5%),后5年37例(77.1%).结论:(1)IBD患者的发病人数呈上升趋势,CD的增幅较UC明显,男性发病多于女性,且以近5年CD男性患者增多的特征较为明显;(2)IBD患者以脑力工作者高发,吸烟、饮酒、阑尾手术可能会增加患CD的风险.

AIM： To explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） in Guangxi. METHODS： A total of 325 patients with IBD treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from May 2003 to May 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS： Among the 325 patients, 266 had ulcerative colitis （UC） and 59 had Crohn＇s disease （CD）. The sex ratio of the entire group was 1.3：1. The high-risk age ranged from 30 to 39 years, and the average age was 39.62 years ± 18.09 years. Patients with IBD were diagnosed mainly in brain workers （64.9%）. The incidence of smoking habit, alcohol abuse, or appendix operation was higher in CD patients than in UC patients （P 〈 0.05）. The extensive colon was the most common site affected by UC, while the terminal ileum was the most commonly affected site in CD. According to the severity of disease activity, severe activity （53.1%） was the most common in UC, while moderate activity （54.2%） was pre- dominant in CD. The incidence of CD disease was significantly higher （P 〈 0.05） in the last 5 years, especially in male patients. CONCLUSION： The number of IBD patients in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region is on a rise, especially CD patients. Males have a higher incidence than females, and during the recent 5 years, the number of male CD patients has increased significantly. The IBD patients in Guangxi are mainly brain workers. Patients with smoking habit, alcohol abuse or appendix opera- tion may be more susceptible to CD.