3类人群对地震应急救援影响因素重要性认知的调查与分析——以唐山市为例

SURVEY AND ANALYSIS OF AWARENESS OF THREE GROUPS OF PEOPLE ON THE DIFFERENCE OF EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCY RESCUE INFLUENCING FACTORS:A CASE STUDY OF TANGSHAN

基于前人大量工作积累和国际类似经验,同时结合中国地震应急管理的特点,构建了一个由34个指标构成的县市地震应急救援能力评价指标体系。然后以该指标体系为研究对象,基于层次分析法和问卷调查法,调查并分析了地方地震科研工作者、地震系统地方领导和基层地震工作者3类人群,对这一指标体系中各具体指标重要与否的认识。结果表明:对于不同的指标而言,3类人群均认为其影响地震应急救援的程度是不同的,影响较大的因素依次为:建筑物抗震能力、居民点集聚程度、危险源控制水平、疏散场地面积等。而对于不同的被调查人群而言,其对某项指标重要与否的认识也存在差异。其中,对"基础环境背景"的影响程度的认识存在显著性差异。

Based on a large number of previous researches and the international similar experiences, and in combination with the characteristics of China earthquake emergency management, a county-level earthquake emergency rescue capability indicators evaluation system is set up in this paper, which consists of 34 indicators and is thought to be an ideal and comprehensive indicators system. Then taking the indicators system as the study object, and based on AHP and questionnaires, we conduct face-to-face interviews and analysis on the awareness of the importance of these indicators among three different groups, namely, the local scientific and technical personnel engaged in earthquake research, the managements of the local earthquake administrations, and the personnel engaged in earthquake study at grass-roots level. The results show that： （1） Three different groups all think that different indicators have different effects on earthquake emergency rescue. Overall, the impact factors are listed as follows in the order of importance： seismic capacity of buildings, degree of settlements concentration, hazard source control, and evacuation site and so on. （2）For different respondents, they have different understanding about the weights to specific indicators or factors. There exists a significant difference between them in understanding the importance of the indicator of basic environmental background. ：