孕妇血清叶酸、维生素B_(12)及铁蛋白水平的分析

Serum Levels of Folic Acid, Vitamin B12 and Ferritin in Pregnant Women

目的探讨早、中期妊娠妇女血清叶酸、维生素B12及铁蛋白的含量水平。方法将新疆察布查尔县800例进行产前检查的孕妇按孕期的不同分为2组:早孕组(220例)和中孕组(580例)。选择同期体检的非妊娠健康妇女800例为对照组。对各组研究对象空腹血清中的叶酸、维生素B12和铁蛋白的含量进行测定,并对各数据进行统计分析。结果早孕组叶酸、维生素B12和铁蛋白含量与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);中孕组叶酸、维生素B12和铁蛋白含量均明显低于对照组[(7.9±30.2)ng·mL-1、(432.1±48.3)pg·mL-1和(58.5±39.6)ng·mL-1比(9.2±35.1)ng·mL-1、(598.5±60.9)pg·mL-1和(101.7±49.7)ng·mL-1,均P<0.05]。孕妇分娩前红细胞内叶酸、维生素B12和铁蛋白与新生儿体质量无显著的相关性(r=0.021、0.016、0.037,均P>0.05)。结论中期妊娠孕妇血清中的叶酸、维生素B12和铁蛋白的含量明显降低,及早采取补充或干预性治疗,对减少或杜绝缺陷新生儿的出生率、提高优生优育有极其重要的意义。

Objective To investigate the serum levels of folic acid,vitamin B12 and ferritin in early and mid-pregnant women. Methods A total of 800 pregnant women undergoing prenatal examination in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Chabuzha ’er County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were divided into early pregnant group （n=220） and mid-pregnant group （n=580）.In addition, 800 healthy non-pregnant women were selected as the control group.The fasting serum folic acid, vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were determined and the data obtained were statistically analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in levels of serum folic acid,vitamin B12 and ferritin between early pregnant group and control group（P＆gt;0.05）.However,serum levels of folic acid, vitamin B12 and ferritin in mid-pregnant group were significantly lower than those in control group [（7.9±30.2）ng· mL-1,（432.1±48.3）pg·mL-1 and （58.5±39.6）ng·mL-1 vs （9.2±35.1）ng·mL-1,（598.5±60.9）pg·mL-1 and （101.7±49.7）ng·mL-1,respectively; P＆lt;0.05]. Levels of folic acid,vitamin B12 and ferritin in erythrocytes before delivery were not correlated with neonatal weight（r=0.021,0.016 and 0.037,respectively;P〉0.05）. Conclusion Serum levels of folic acid, vitamin B12 and ferritin decreased obviously in mid-pregnant women. Therefore, the supplement or intervention treatment should be performed as soon as possible for reducing or eliminating birth defects and improving prenatal and postnatal care.