模板法制备CaO/ZrO_2催化剂催化菜籽油合成生物柴油

Synthesis of Biodiesel from Rapeseed Oil over CaO/ZrO_2 Catalyst Prepared by Template Method

以桦木为模板,通过模板法制备了不同CaO含量的CaO/ZrO2复合氧化物固体碱催化剂,用于催化菜籽油与甲醇进行酯交换反应合成生物柴油。利用BET,XRD,XPS,SEM等手段对所制备的催化剂进行表征。实验结果表明,采用该方法制备的CaO/ZrO2催化剂具有桦木的生物形态,且桦木模板的使用有助于改善其孔道结构并提高其比表面积、孔径和孔体积;具有生物形态的复合氧化物保持了较高的碱强度,催化活性较高;当CaO/ZrO2催化剂中n(Ca)∶n(Zr)=0.3、催化剂用量(基于菜籽油的质量)8%(w)、甲醇与菜籽油的摩尔比72、反应温度150℃、反应时间6 h时,生物柴油的收率最高可达到91.0%。

Several CaO/ZrO2 solid base catalysts with different CaO content were prepared by template method with birch as template and characterized by means of BET, XRD, XPS and SEM. The catalysts were used in the transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol to biodiesel. It was found that the prepared oxides replicated the bio-morphology of the birch, which was beneficial to the improvement of the pore structure and the dispersion of the basic sites. The biodiesel yield could reach 91.0% under the optimal conditions of n（Ca） ： n（Zr） 0.3, catalyst mass fraction 8%（based on the mass of rapeseed oil）, molar ratio of methanol to rapeseed oil 72, reaction temperature 150 ℃ and reaction time 6 h.