沂沭河与运河关系的历史考察——以禹王台的兴废为视角

Historical investigation into the relationship between Yishu River and the Grand Canal——from the perspective of the rise and fall of Yuwangtai in Tancheng County

禹王台是17—19世纪沭河分洪设施,是保障京杭运河中运河段防洪安全的关键工程。本文在文献解读与实际调查的基础上,复原了禹王台兴废过程及其所反映的沂沭河与运河的关系。研究发现,禹王台废弃、沂沭河流域水患增加的根本原因是黄河夺淮以来对下游水系破坏,以及为确保中运河畅通,人为阻断各河下泄通道所造成的。研究指出,禹王台作为重要的水工文化遗产,是人与自然相互作用的历史见证,应纳入到运河文化遗产保护的大框架下加以认识。

Yuwangtai is a project in the Shuhe River,and also an important ancillary project in the Grand Canal. On the basis of the literature reading and investigation, this paper recovers the historical process of Yuwangtai and the relationship between the Yishu River and the Grand Canal. The investigation shows that the vicissitudes of Yuwangtai is one of the direct reasons of flood increase and the agricultural environment deterioration in the Yishu River basin. It also shows that the fundamental reason lies in the Yellow River. As an important hydraulic cultural heritage, Yuwangtai witnessed the interaction between human and nature. In the future,it should be brought into the framework of the canal culture heritage protection.