光合菌肥对基质环境、黄瓜穴盘苗生长及根系形态的影响

Effects of Photosynthetic Bacterial Fertilizer on Substrate Environments,Plug-seedling Growth and Root Morphology of Cucumber

以鲁黄瓜3号为试材,研究了不同浓度光合菌肥灌根处理对基质环境、黄瓜穴盘苗生长及根系形态的影响。结果表明,光合菌肥处理均显著增加了基质微生物总量、细菌和放线菌数量,降低了基质中真菌数量,基质中的蔗糖酶、脲酶、中性磷酸酶及过氧化氢酶活性也显著增强;光合菌肥处理还有效地增强了黄瓜幼苗根系活力,增大了幼苗根系吸收面积及根尖数目,促进了根系的形态建成及幼苗生长,显著提高了幼苗质量,且以稀释200倍的光合菌肥处理(T2)效果为最佳。黄瓜幼苗壮苗指数与基质微生物总量呈显著正相关(r=0.95*),与细菌数量呈极显著正相关(r=0.98**),而基质真菌数量则与幼苗壮苗指数呈显著负相关(r=-0.89*),因此,在基质理化性状满足黄瓜穴盘苗生长的前提下,应注重基质中细菌数量及微生物总量的增加,以培育黄瓜穴盘壮苗。光合菌肥可改善黄瓜穴盘育苗基质的微生态结构和微生物多样性,促进基质细菌、放线菌和微生物总量增加,同时降低真菌数量,提高基质酶活性,增强基质向黄瓜幼苗提供营养的能力及幼苗根系活力,进而促进幼苗根系形态建成,增大幼苗根系吸收面积,促进幼苗整体生长,最终提高幼苗质量。

Taking Lu cucumber No.3 as material,the effects of photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer on enzyme activity and microorganism biomass of substrate,plug-seedling growth and root morphology of cucumber were studied.The result showed that the quantity of micro-biomass,bacteria and actinomyce in substrate were significantly increased,but the quantity of fungi was opposite,after the photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer treatments.Activities of substrate enzymes（ Invertase,Urease,Neutral phosphatase and Catalase） were significantly enhanced.Root activity and ability of root morphogenesis of cucumber seedlings were effectively improved by the photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer,also with root absorption area and root tips increased.So,all the photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer treatments could significantly enhance the quality of cucumber seedlings,and the best dilution multiple was 200 times（ Treatment 2） for cucumber plug-seedlings.Correlation analysis showed that sound seedlings index（ SSI） of cucumber plug-seedlings had a significant positive correlation with substrate micro-biomass（ r = 0.95＊）,and had an extremely significant positive correlation with substrate bacteria number（ r = 0.98＊＊）,but significant negative correlation of SSI and substrate fungi number（ r =- 0.89＊）.In summery,the increasing of bacteria and micro-biomass quantity of substrate should be valued at the premise of the substrate physicochemical property in optimum range,which could promote the quality of cucumber plug-seedlings.Application photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer could improve microbial structure and microbial diversity of cucumber plug-seedling substrate,promote the quantity of bacteria,actinomyce,micro-biomass and substrates enzyme activity,and reduce the quantity of fungi.It also could en-hance the provision nutrition ability of substrate,promote root coordinational growth,increase root absorption area,accelerate the seedlings growth,and finally improve the quality of cucumber plug-seedlings.