蒙古族天神崇拜观念的形成及演变

The Formation of the Mongolian Conception of Worshiping Gods and its Evolution

天神崇拜观念源自于萨满教的自然崇拜,是古代北方草原民族所共有的。蒙古族天神崇拜形成于蒙古族共同体成立之前,成吉思汗在自己的言行中对其进行了强化,且得到了萨满巫师的大力支持。正因为有"天是世间的主宰"、"汗权是天授予的"、"天意天命不可违"、"天降福祉为黎民"等的信仰,所以蒙古人就对腾格里(长生天)崇拜有加,且世代传承祭祀,直至今天。对当代人而言,天神崇拜包含有遵从、敬畏、爱护自然,人与自然和谐相处,保护生态平衡等朴素的思想内涵,值得传承和保护。

The concept of worshiping gods,derived from the custom of the nature worship by Shamanism of worshiping natural things,was shared by all the ancient nationalities in the grasslands of in northern China.The Mongolian worship of nature had formed before the Mongolian community was founded; later,it was reinforced in Genghis Khan＇s words and deeds with the support of shamanism wizards.Because of their such beliefs like＂God is the master of the world＂,＂Khan＇s power is granted by the god＂,＂One cannot breach God＇s will and destiny＂,and ＂People＇s welfare is given by the god＂,the Mongolian preferred to worship God of Tengri（also Everlasting God）and offer sacrifice to it from generation to generation till now.For modern people,the conception of worshiping the gods entails such simple ideological connotations as the compliance with nature,and the fear or love of nature,and humans＇ harmony with nature and their protection of the ecological balance and so on,worth inheriting and protecting.