“危”字字义的历时演变

On Diachronic Evolution of Meanings of Chinese Character“Wei”

词义演变基本按照扩大、缩小和转移发展。"危"其义项的发展、演变对于古代汉语词义研究与探索有着重要意义。文章把"危"字词义演变的历时层分为五个时期,运用历时语言学的研究手段,根据各种古代文学史料和古文字考据成果和"危"字词义从先秦至元明清时期在不同史料文献中使用频率来研究"危"字词义在各朝代的演变过程和引申义项。

The semantic change of vocabulary often goes through the process of extension, narrowing and transferring. The evolvement of the Chinese character ＂wei＂ plays an important role in the study of the meaning of Ancient Chinese. In this paper, the development of ＂wei＂ is divided into five phases and will be studied within the domain of diachronic linguistics, on the basis of historical literary works and the outcomes of Ancient Chinese study. The evolving process of this character during different historical periods and its extensive meanings will be studied in details according to the frequency the character used in various literary works from the Oin Dynasty to Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.