3～5岁听障儿童与健听儿童鼻漏气的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Nasal Emissions between Hearing-impaired Children and Normal-hearing Children Aged 3-5

目的：比较3～5岁听障儿童与健听儿童鼻漏气的差异，探讨其原因，为听障儿童康复训练提供参考依据。方法选取36名健听儿童和111名听障儿童，使用鼻息镜测试元音/a/，/i/，/u/的鼻漏气情况，并进行对比分析。结果年龄、性别与鼻漏气无显著性相关，听障儿童与健听儿童/a/的鼻漏气有极显著差异（P＜0.01），/i/和/u/的鼻漏气有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。结论听障儿童/a/，/i/，/u/的鼻漏气现象显著多于健听儿童，其主要原因是听力障碍导致发音错误习得而造成的腭咽闭合功能不全。

Objective To compare the differences of nasal emissions between hearing-impaired children and normal-hearing children, to discuss the causes for the differences and to provide references for the rehabilitation of hearing-impaired children.Methods The nasal mirror was used to detect the nasal emissions of /a/, /i/ and /u/ in 36 normal-hearing children and 111 hearing-impaired children aged 3-5. The results were compared between the two groups of children.Results The results showed that age and gender were not significantly correlated with the nasal emissions of the three vowels. There was a very significant difference in the nasal emission of /a/ between hearing-impaired and normal-hearing children （P〈0.01） and were significant differences in the nasal emissions of /i/ and /u/ between the two groups （P〈0.05）.Conclusion The occurrences of nasal emissions of /a/, /i/ and /u/ are significantly higher in hearing-impaired children than those in normal-hearing children, which are mainly caused by the velopharyngeal insufficiency induced by misarticulation due to hearing impairment.