论阿兰·巴迪欧的主体观

On Alain Badiou's Subjective Theory

巴迪欧认为存在着唯物主义和唯心主义两种传统的主体范式,唯物范式将主体简化为身体,唯心范式则将主体与身体分开。前者执著于生命中的死亡体验,是世俗性的"享受";后者注重死亡中的生命体验,呈现为宗教般的"牺牲",但二者最终走向死亡。因此,巴迪欧提出了第三种主体范式,它处于真理生成的轨道中,居于事件与真理之间,并忠诚于事件。在新的主体范式中,主体与身体具有同一性,既不可分也不可约,两者结合在一起,却又保持着彼此的特殊性。巴迪欧给出的是主体化的身体,这一新的身体作为两者的结合体而出现。

AlainBadiou considers that there exist two traditional subjective paradigms:extremely materialist and extremely idealist.Materialist subjective paradigm reduces the whole subject to body,while idealist paradigm separates the subject and the body.The former is obsessive for the experience of death in life,and is a profane'jouissance';the later emphasizes the experience of life in the death,presented as a religious'sacrifice'.Both of them will go to death.Therefore,Badiou proposes a third subjective paradigm,which locates in the traces of the procedure of truths and situates between the event and the truth,and it is faithful to the event.In the new subjective paradigm,the subject is identified with the body,neither inseparable nor reducible;they combine together but also keep the particularity of each other.What Badiou gives is the subjective body,which is presented as a combination of them.