个体化进程中的成年：当代青年对成年标志的选择及认知

Transition to Adulthood in the Individual Process:Choice andCognition of the Markers of Adulthood among Contemporary Youth

依据成年标志量表,对南京城市在职青年的成年标志认同及认知进行考察。发现处于中国个体化进程中的当代青年具有多元化的成年标志认同,其对个人独立的诉求与对家庭责任的意识紧密联系在一起。从认同的内在逻辑结构出发,成年标志可被区分为主观认知型与客观事实型。由于社会文化规范与个体生命历程的交互作用,主观成年认知与客观过渡事实之间的关联被弱化,以往生理、心理、社会合而为一的过渡模式不复存在,个体的成年认知呈现出碎片化的图景,从而也延缓了其成年身份的获得。

Based on the adulthood markers scale, this paper investigates the identification and cognition of adulthood markers among the employed young people in Nanjing, finding that the contemporary young people who are in the individual process have diverse identification of adulthood markers in Chinese society, and they are closely relating their appeals for individual independence to their awareness of family responsibility. According to the internal logic structure of the identification, the adulthood markers can be divided into two categories, i. e. subjective cognition-type and objective-fact-type. On account of the interaction between the social cuhural norms and the individual life courses, the subjective adult cognition has weak correlation with the objective transition fact. The traditional three-in-one pattern of transition to adulthood which combines physiological, psychological and social elements no longer exists. The adult cognition for every individual is fragmentary that the identification of adulthood is delayed.