城乡背景对大学生初次就业结果的影响——基于全国17所高校2914名毕业生的调查数据

Effect of the Urban and Rural Background on College Students' Initial Employment——Based on the Survey Data of 2,914 College Students in 17 Universities and Colleges Nationwide

利用对全国17所高校2 914名毕业生的问卷调查数据,探讨城乡背景是否以及如何影响到大学生的初次就业结果这一问题。研究发现,大学生的毕业去向和就业的地区、产业、起薪具有显著的城乡差异;城乡背景部分地通过经济条件、社会资本和就读院校的层次来影响大学生的初次就业。农村大学生的就业问题更值得关注。高等教育的机会不平等是影响城乡大学生初次就业结果的关键因素。

Based on the survey data of 2,914 College Students in 17 universities and colleges nationwide, this paper discusses whether and how the urban and rural background influence college students＇ initial employment. It is found that college students from urban areas differ greatly from those from rural areas in both the whereabouts after graduation, and their employment area, industry and salary as well. The urban and rural background partly influence the initial employment of the college students by means of economic conditions, social capital and the university or college ranking. The employment problem of college students from rural areas is worthy of more concern. The key element to influence college students＇ initial employment is the inequality of opportunity to get access to the higher education.