当前西方大国对非洲干预的新变化:理论争鸣与实证分析

On the New Trends of Current Intervention in Africa by Western Powers:Theoretical Controversy and Practical Interpretation

当前,西方大国对非洲的干预在理论上摒弃了"新干涉主义",而采用"保护的责任"。"保护的责任"关键概念的模糊性和不确定性,使其在理论上存有争议。正是这种模糊性和不确定性使西方能够以"保护的责任"之名,实施干预非洲事务,实现自身利益之实。西方大国对非军事干预的新特点表现在:争取联合国授权,获得干预的合法性;打着"道义"之名,推行"霸道"之实;采取多边合作方式,减少干预成本;利用大众传媒,引导民心民意。其结果却是造成了非洲安全局势的复杂化和非洲自主安全合作的弱化。

Currently, the western powers have abandoned the ＂ New Interventionism＂ and begin to interfere in Africa according to the ＂ Responsibility to Protect＂ （R2P） . The ambiguity and uncertainty of R2P＇ s key concepts cause some theoretical controversy. It is the ambiguity and uncertainty that provides the excuse for the Western Powers to intervene in African affairs in the name of R2P and pursue their real interests in effect. The intervention has four characteristics： trying to acquire UN mandate for the legitimacy of the intervention; trying to justify the intervention to win moral support; adopting multilateral ways of cooperation to reduce intervention cost, and utilizing the mass media to direct the public opinion. As a result, the security situation in Africa has been complicated, and the security cooperation between African countries weakened.