人权:正义难题的现代解答——一个思想史的视角

Human Rights as the Answer to the Justice Problem in Modern Era——From a Perspective of History of Thoughts

正义是什么?这是一个曾经困扰了人类二千年的难题。西方古代的思想家曾经给予了不同的答案。在17世纪,基于"人权保障"和"权力制约"的正义观被提出,到20世纪中叶在全世界获得了基本共识。但是就每一个具体国家而言,正义社会的建设内容本身需要根据各自的国情和时代要求而确定。基于生产力落后以及封建官僚传统这一国情,我国正义社会的建立具有鲜明特色:以"生存权保障"为核心建立权利保障制度,以"反腐倡廉"为基础建立权力监督制度。

What is justice？ This is a difficult question which has been plaguing mankind for two thousand years. Many western thinkers in ancient times put forward different answers. The concept of justice based on human rights was proposed in the seventeenth century and accepted in the world in the middle of the twentieth century. However, every nation must carry on the construction of its justice society according to its national conditions. At present, the justice society construction in China has two characteristics： protection of the rights of existence and anti -corruption.