中药注射剂常见联合用药类型及其配伍禁忌文献研究

Literature Study of Drug Combination Type and Incompatibility of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections

目的通过文献研究探索中药注射剂联合用药过程中产生配伍禁忌的规律性和特殊性,为中药注射剂配伍禁忌研究提供指导,也为临床安全合理地使用中药注射剂提供参考。方法基于功能主治将中药注射剂分为抗肿瘤类、活血化瘀类、清热解毒类、急救类和其他类型,总结各类中药注射剂常见联合用药类型。选择36种临床常用中药注射剂,基于联合用药类型对其配伍禁忌情况进行归纳和分析。结果抗肿瘤类中药注射剂常与基础化疗药物联合使用;相对于心脑血管类和清热解毒类中药注射剂,抗肿瘤类中药注射剂配伍禁忌研究相对较少。清热解毒类中药注射剂常与抗菌药联合使用;清热解毒类中药注射剂与抗菌药混合后,普遍会发生不溶性微粒增加、产生沉淀等配伍禁忌现象。活血化瘀类中药注射剂常与循环系统药物联合使用;此外,活血化瘀类中药注射剂+抗菌药也是常见的联合用药类型。结论中药注射剂配伍禁忌具有一定的规律性和特殊性,但是,当前中药注射剂配伍禁忌研究内容简单粗放,研究水平参差不齐。

Objective To explore the specificity and regularity of incompatibility during drug combination of traditional Chinese medicine injections（TCMI） by literature study, to provide reference for the research of incompatibility, and guidance for the drug combination in clinic. Methods TCMI were classified into five types based on their function and efficacy：antitumor, activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis, heat-clearing and detoxifying, emergency and others. Different types of drug combination of TCMI were summarized and the incompatibility of 36 kinds of TC-MI was analyzed. Results Antitumor injections were mostly used in combination with basic chemotherapy medicines; the literature study of incompatibility of antitumor injections is less than other injections. Activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis injections were mostly used in combination with circulatory system medicines and antibiotics. Heat-clearing and detoxifying injections were mostly used in combination with antibiotics; the insoluble particles and precipitation will occur when heat-clearing and detoxifying injections are mixed with antibiotics. Conclusion There is some specificity and regularity in the incompatibility of TCMI, but the research of incompatibility of TCMI is simple, and the level is uneven.