大学生学校认同的实证研究及其教育启示

The Quality of Undergraduate Education: Evidence from an Empirical Research of School Identity of University Students

本研究编制了具有较好信度和效度的大学生学校认同问卷,由行为倾向、正性情感及负面评价三个维度构成。调查发现,当代大学生的学校认同程度普遍偏低;同时,对人口学变量的统计检验发现,一般大学学生的学校认同度显著高于重点大学学生;担任学生干部和获得各级奖励学生的认同度,显著低于未担任学生干部和未获奖的学生;从大一到大四,大学生的学校认同度逐级降低,但在性别和专业上不存在显著差异。上述大学生学校认同普遍偏低的结果在某种程度上反映了高校本科教育质量下滑的现实,为此,可将学生的学校认同引入高校本科教育质量评价指标体系。

The current study developed a school identity questionnaire which had good reliability and validity and consists of three factors （dimensions）, namely, behavior tendency, positive emotion and negative evaluation. Based on the large sample survey, the results showed： （1） generally, the level of university students＂ school identity are below. （2） the level of student＂ school identity in ordinary universities are significantly higher than that in key universities. School identity level of student leaders or awarded students are also significantly lower than non-leaders＂ or that of students who failures to win prizes. The level of students＂ school identity progressively reduce from first grade to fourth grade. There are no significant differences founded in sex and school major variables. We argued that the results reflect a declination tendency of undergraduate education quality, and suggested that the school identity should be integrated into the quality evaluation system of undergraduate education.